高二牛津第15期B3版 名师在线
Grammar in use 语法运用
虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的应用
【经典例题】
1. If my lawyer _______ here last Saturday, he _______ me from going.
A. had been; would have prevented B. had been; would prevent
C. were; would prevent D. were; would have prevented
2. If I had worn my overcoat, I _______cold.
A. won’t have caught B .couldn’t have caught
C. won’t catch D. wouldn’t catch
3.—If he ______ , he ______ that food.
—Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.
A. was warned; would not take B. had been warned; would not have taken
C. would be warned; had not taken D. would have been warned; had not taken
4. I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she _______, she would have met my brother.
A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come
【答案与解析】
1．A．本题考查虚拟语气。因为从句表示与过去事实相反的假设，故从句谓语动词用过去完成时，而主句谓语动词用would have +过去分词形式。
2．B．本题考查虚拟条件句中主句谓语动词的使用。因为从句用了过去完成时，可知主句谓语动词用would / could have +过去分词形式。根据句意，可知选B。
3．B. 根据答语，可知本题考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。故从句谓语动词用过去完成时，而主句谓语动词用would have +过去分词形式。
4．D． 根据句意“在会上我没有看到你的姐姐。如果她来的话，她就见到我哥哥了”可知，这是考查对过去事实的虚拟。主句用could have done，故从句谓语动词应该用过去完成时。
【重点归纳】
一、虚拟条件句的类别 虚拟条件句可分为三类：一类是叙述与现在事实相反的情况；一类是叙述与过去事实相反的情况；另一类是叙述与将来事实相反的情况。 |
